CP3(2002-2006)
	CP2(1997-2001)
	CP1(1992-1996)

CP3(2002-2006)

BRIEF OUTLINE OF UNFPA MONGOLIA COUNTRY
PROGRAMME 2002-2006
Third Five-year Assistance Cycle

UNFPA mandate areas

• Reproductive Health
• Population & Development
• Advocacy and IEC

Projects on Reproductive Health:

• Sub-Office - P13
• Bayankhongor - P14
• Bayan-Ulgii - P15
• Khovd - P16
• Khuvsgul - P17
• Uvs - P18
• UB Districts - P19

MON/02/P20
Responding to the needs of Mongolian Adolescents for Information on Reproductive Health and Sexuality (Funding from the Government of Finland )
Key Partner: Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education

Projects on Population and Development:

MON/02/P07
Improving capacities in the Integration of Population, Gender and Development factors into National Policies, Plans and Programmes
Key Partner: Ministry of Social Welfare and Labour

MON/02/P08
Strengthening the National Statistical Office to increase availability and accessibility of reliable population data
Key Partner: National Statistical Office

MON/02/P09
Strengthening the Population Teaching and Research Centre (Mongolian National University) Capacities for Training and Research in Population, Gender and Development
Key Partner: Population Teaching and Research Centre (Mongolian National University)

MON/02/P10
Introduction of population, gender and development in the Academy of Management for pre-service and in-service training of public servants
Key Partner: Academy of Management

MON/02/P11
Capacity Building of Parliamentarians in Advocating on Reproductive Health and Population and Development Issues
Key Partner: Parliament Secretariat and Mongolian Parliamentarian Association on Population Development

Multi-sectoral projects:

MON/02/P04
Strengthening Advocacy and Increasing Support from Decision Makers for Reproductive Health and Population and Development
Key Partner: Ministry of Health

MON/02/P05
Healthy RH Behavior through IEC and BCC
Key Partner: Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education

MON/02/P12
Programme Support Unit

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CP2(1997-2001)

BRIEF OUTLINE OF UNFPA MONGOLIA COUNTRY
PROGRAMME 1997-2001
Second Five-year Assistance Cycle

UNFPA mandate areas

• Reproductive Health (RH):
• Population and Development Strategies:
• Advocacy:

UNFPA funding

UNFPA is supported entirely by voluntary contributions, not by the United Nations regular budgets.

All UNFPA projects promote gender equity and the empowerment of women. About half of UNFPA’s budget is used to improve reproductive health services including family planning, sexual health, maternal and child care and the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS. UNFPA assists countries to collect and analyze population statistics, to conduct research on demographic and socio-economic issues and to formulate and evaluate national population policies. UNFPA also funds special projects, which improve the status of women, promote the goals of the ICPD Programme of Action,and which address the needs of adolescent reproductive health, aging, and the impact of population growth on the environment.

Sexual and Reproductive Rights:

Each person has a basic human right to:

- Reproductive and sexual health
- Make free informed choices about their own sexual behavior,
- Make free informed choices about if, when and how many children they wish to have
- Women have equal rights and responsibilities as men

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"Reproductive health" means:

- Everyone is able to lead a satisfying and safe sex life
- Each person is free to decide if, when, and how often they wish to have children.
- Through access to improved health services, women have safe pregnancies and childbirth, and infants have the best chance of being born healthy.

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UNFPA’s Second Country Programme for Mongolia (1997-2001) was approved in January 1997. With a budget of US$ 9.3 million, it builds on the achievements of the First Country Programme (1992-1996) in developing maternal and child health and family planning services.

The UNFPA Projects support the following government priorities:

- Reproductive Health (RH)
- Population and Development Strategies (PDS)
- Advocacy of Government Population Policies and the ICPD Program of Action
- The organizations taking part with UNFPA, in executing different projects in Mongolia are : UNSD/DESIPA, ESCAP, AVSC International, Marie Stopes International and Margaret Sanger International.

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Reproductive Health Sub-Programme
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UNFPA is assisting the Mongolian Government to implement the "National Reproductive Health Programme", which was approved in 1997.

The Programme’s goal is: "To improve the reproductive health status of women and men in Mongolia, especially adolescents and those residing in remote areas."

Priority areas for development:

- Quality of services
- Family planning-Maternal health
- Post abortion care
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS

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Quality of Reproductive Health services

The Reproductive Health (RH) Sub-Programme aims to provide sustainable, cost effective, quality health services to all Mongolians. To reduce Mongolia’s relatively high maternal mortality rate, the RH Sub-Programme will improve health worker’s knowledge and skills in providing care to women during pregnancy and child birth.

UNFPA is also funding the development of a model "Fee for services" RH/STD clinic in Ulaanbaatar. The clinic trains health workers to provide a broader range of counseling and clinical services, especially to those with special needs, such as adolescents, street children and commercial sex workers.

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Reproductive Health: Male Responsibility and Involvement

Men are essential partners in ensuring reproductive health. Men must share both the joys and responsibilities associated with their sexuality. They must accept responsibility for their own sexual behavior and its impact on their partners and their families. At the same time, they need to support and accept their partners’ reproductive health and rights.

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Adolescent Reproductive Health and Reproductive decision-making

Mongolia's population is young. 59% are less than 25 years of age. According to the "Adolescent Reproductive Health Survey" conducted in 1996, almost 20% of boys had experienced sexual intercourse by the age of 17 years, and more than one in twenty girls had become pregnant before the age of twenty years. Almost half of these pregnancies were unwanted, and about one of fifth were terminated. Fewer than half of the adolescents interviewed had some knowledge of STDs.

UNFPA is assisting the Government of Mongolia to implement the "National Adolescent Health Programme", which was adopted in 1997.

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CP1(1992-1996)

BRIEF OUTLINE OF UNFPA
MONGOLIA COUNTRY PROGRAMME 1992-1996
First Five-year Assistance Cycle

Approved: 1992
Total assistance: USD 4 mln.

Mongolia had the following constraints before the formulation of the first UNFPA Country Programme:

• The lack of a comprehensive and explicit national population policy.
• Weakness of a policy-making and coordinating institution for population programmes and for donor countries
• Lack of a data processing system capable of a managing an automated population register
• High level of fertility, infant and child mortality, maternal mortality and morbidity
• Maternal Child Health and Family Planning do not receive sufficient attention in health service delivery
• Insufficient data on, understanding of, the international relationships between woman’s status, population and development
• The absence of comprehensive, culturally sensitive national IEC strategy
• The lack of defined policy guidelines to encourage NGO participation in Population and development activities

PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES:

• in bringing about a change in people’s attitudes towards and perceptions of poopulation issues, in particular concerning the health and social benefits of family planning:
• in defining and refining a population policy that balances population growth with the country’s economic prospects:
• in reducing infant and maternal mortality rates through the promotion of Safe Motherhood with a particular emphases on the provision of family planning /child spacing information services;
• in analyzing and disseminating of population statistics including household survey data. data and analyzis .

There were 5 projects

• in the area of Maternal Child Health/Family Planning,
• data colletion and analysis, population policy formulation and its integration in to the development,
• Planning and population policy formulation
• population teaching and rearch center, MNU income generating activities of women

The objectives of the Country Programme have been translated into the life through project activities within its mandate.

ACHIEVEMENTS MADE DURING THE PROGRAMME INPLEMENTATION

1. REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH / FAMILY PLANNING AREA

UNFPA is assisting the government in reducing infant and maternal mortality rates through the promotion of Safe Motherhood with a particular emphases on the provision of family planning information and services. As a result of the activities conducted last few years maternal mortality and infant mortality have been reduced from 2.41 to 1.85 and 57.4 to 44.4 for 1000 live births in 1995.

Family planning continues to remain a very sensitive issue. Within government there are still some pockets of disagreement on its relevance and its strategic importance towards reduction of maternal mortality. But this option is gradually receding and culturally-sensitive MCH/FP programme can help further widen its acceptance among the different sectors of society. The commitment of top leadership in government in general and in the Ministry of Health in particular has contributed largely to this general receptivity. The focus of the safe motherhood initiatives has also helped in putting family planning efforts in the right context. Since 1991 contraceptive methods were made available widely and recent KAP survey revealed that around 36% of the women in reproductive age were using modern contraceptives. Moreover, as a result of the wide spread availability and use of contraceptives, the number of abortions dropped from 29, 635 in 1991 to 17,025 in 1994.

Other accomplishments included the establishment of the national Task force which coordinates activities in the field of maternal and child health and family planning, development and distribution of standard protocols for antenatal, natal and postnatal care, publication of Safe Motherhood Newsletter, development IEC strategy and production of low cost IEC materials on family planning methods and process of child birth, procurement and delivery of assorted essential obstetric drugs.

2. POPULATION DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DISSEMINATION

As a result of the technical advice received through the programme and projects, the quality of data improved over the years with demographic and social statistical information much needed in formulating socio- economic policy and development planning were added in the data collection. Increased awareness for statistics on gender concerns which have come to the forefront for global attention and discussion were compiled and produced.

National level monographs dealing with fertility conditions and trends, mortality conditions, urbanization and urban population distribution, population projections, statistical profile of women and children of Mongolia, census results and estimation of demographic indicators conducive to international standards, glossary of terms for population have been prepared, translated, published and disseminated. These analytical studies and information have been extensively used in the preparation of the formulation of population and social policies, as well as being integrated into socio-economic development planning. The achievements in this area reflect itself in the stable momentum of the country’s development programmes.

The increased quantative and improved qualitative availability of the statistical information have therefore created encouraging sings for further efforts in this area.

3. PLANNING AND POPULATION POLICY FORMULATION

Awareness raising and understanding of the importance of population policy formulation and its integration with socio-economic planning for the development of the country among senior policy makers have been conducted through provincial and national level seminars. The seminars and training were given by experts in the relevant fields, an understanding about the current population issues in the country, covering fertility, mortality, morbidity, migration and an understanding about the world population trends. Apart from this officers were exposed to the international population issues through participation in short and long-term training programmes, international conferences, such as World Summit for Social Development, Fourth World Women’s Conference etc,.

In the field of promoting the use of existing data for research activities, a Status Report was prepared by an expert group and published. In addition, several useful country papers have been prepared for the international conferences.

4. POPULATION TEACHING AND RESEARCH

Population Teaching and Research Center has been established at the Mongolia National University in 1992. Currently, the population courses and teaching programmes indifferent Department and Faculties of the University have been revised and introduced. In addition to covering a basic knowledge on demography, special modules on women, population and development, population policy and planning and computer software and a course on Research Survey methodology have been introduced to officers responsible for the population issues at aimag level.

With regard to the research activities Population Teaching and Research Center has conducted the first Demographic Survey in 6 provinces covering 1763 households, collecting information from more that 3000 people-respondents in the age group of 15-49 years. The findings of this survey have been already published.

5. WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT

Improvement of the life standard of women with particular emphases on their income generation, development of the professional and managerial skills of the government focal points in the field of the advancement of women and the creation of an awareness among the policy makers in relation to the women’s issues to facilitate the formulation and implementation of government policies for the advancement of women were taken as one of the objectives of the UNFPA current Country Programme. In this respect, about 1,800 women in Ulaanbaatar, Central and East-Gobi aimag continue to receive training on family planning, income-generation activities management skills, and technical training in home based small business like vegetable growing, sewing, food processing, animal husbandry etc,. At the same time, quite a few women leaders of government and non-government organizations were received UNFPA support to participate in various international conferences, study tours and short-term training. In addition to that UNFPA has allocated total amount of us $ 40,000 as support for the women’s NGO activities.

6. HIV/AIDS

As an one of the member of UNAIDS committee UNFPA has conducted a survey on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Genital Tract Infection of women to find out the reason for high incidence of them in the country. Also, with assistance of WHO a seminar on family planning and STDs/HIV AIDS was held in August 1995 and attended by representatives of 22 NGOs.

7. GENERAL UNFPA ADVOCACY

UNFPA has been main initiator and organizer of the population advocacy activities which became public tradition in the country such as celebration of the World Population Day 11 July, organization of Poster Contest, translation and distribution of population related materials, wide-broadcasting of population issues through mass-media etc,. Moreover, UNFPA conducted wide range of IEC activities among school children publishing different types of school press on adolescent sex education.

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